Effective Questioning in Candidate Assessment
An important stage of the assessment process is testing a candidate’s knowledge and understanding.
When observation alone can’t cover specific criteria, questioning helps fill any gaps, giving assessors a deeper view of how knowledgeable a candidate really is.
Why Questioning Matters
Not every real-world situation will present itself during assessment.
Questioning lets you explore how candidates would act in scenarios you can’t observe.
It supports fair, valid decisions by confirming understanding of tasks and procedures.
Types of Questions
Open Questions
Invite candidates to respond in their own words and demonstrate depth of understanding.
Closed Questions
Require specific, factual responses—often “yes” or “no”—to confirm precise knowledge.
Methods for Questioning
Verbal questioning
Written questions and/or reports
Tip: Logs and reports make strong springboards for targeted questioning. Because the candidate has recently experienced the situation, you can probe potential incidents, outcomes, and decision-making to test their understanding.
Tips for Fair and Effective Questioning
Put candidates at ease. If you sense nervousness, be sensitive and supportive.
Use appropriate language. Ensure wording is clear and accessible, be mindful that English may not be a candidate’s first language.
Avoid leading questions. Don’t hint at the answer.
Match the level. Assess knowledge at the appropriate level for the candidate. Avoid “over-assessing” junior grades by expecting senior-level knowledge.
Quick Reference Checklist
I know exactly why I’m asking each question.
I’m clear on what constitutes an acceptable answer.
I’ve selected the right question type (open vs closed).
I’m using verbal and/or written methods appropriately.
I’m adapting to individual needs and language considerations.
I’m avoiding leading and over-assessment.
FAQs
When should I use questioning in assessment?
When observation can’t capture all criteria or scenarios, and when you need to verify knowledge and understanding.
What’s the difference between open and closed questions?
Open questions invite fuller responses in the candidate’s own words; closed questions confirm specific, factual points, often with “yes” or “no”.
What methods can I use to question candidates?
Verbal questions, written questions, and using logs/reports as a basis for deeper, contextual probing.
How do I keep questioning fair?
Put candidates at ease, use accessible language, avoid leading questions, and ensure the level of questioning matches the candidate’s grade.
